He was nicknamed North Wind and the Diamond. He was the elder son of Ercole II d'Este and Renée de France, the daughter of Louis XII of France and Anne of Brittany and was the fifth and last Duke of Ferrara.[1]. [2] Over the next two decades, Titian added three more paintings: The Worship of Venus[3] (Museo del Prado, Madrid), The Bacchanal of the Adrians[4] (Prado, Madrid), and Bacchus and Ariadne (National Gallery, London). Titian is known to have painted two portraits of Alfonso: the first was widely acclaimed, singled out by Michelangelo and coerced as a diplomatic gift by Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor; Alfonso induced Titian to paint a free replica, which the artist of the painting illustrated above has adapted for his model. After the Este family lost control of Ferrara in 1598, the Alabaster Chamber's paintings and sculpture were dispersed. The poem can be interpreted based on multiple approaches, the richest of which is the psychoanalytic approach. Este, Alfonso, II, D' (1533 - 1597). "Alfonso d'Este" redirects here. Alfonso inherited from Cardinal d'Este the poet Ariosto. [4] Luzzasco Luzzaschi served as his court organist. In the Italian Wars Alfonso preserved his precarious position among the contending powers by flexibility and vigilance and the unrivalled fortifications of Ferrara; he entered the League of Cambrai against Venice and remained an ally of Louis XII of France even after Pope Julius II had made peace with Venice; when the Bolognesi rebelled against Julius and toppled Michelangelo's bronze statue of the Pope from above the gate, Alfonso received the shards and recast them as a cannon named La Giulia, which he set on the ramparts of the castello: in 1510 Julius excommunicated him and declared his fiefs forfeit, thereby adding Ferrara to the Papal States; Alfonso then fought successfully against the Venetian and Papal armies, gaining the Battle of Polesella, capturing Bologna, and playing a major part in the French victory at the Battle of Ravenna (1512). In 1598 Ferrara was therefore incorporated into the Papal States by Pope Clement VIII, on grounds of doubtful legitimacy. All the bacchanals in the Alabaster Chamber dealt with love, and some refer to marriage. Al­fonso d'Este (21 July 1476 – 31 Oc­to­ber 1534) was Duke of Fer­rara dur­ing the time of the War of the League of Cam­brai. Although the speaker, the Duke of Ferrara, is speaking of this servant in a negative manner, he wishes his wife to be officious towards him; the Duke of Ferrara wishes to have total control. She requested that Giovanni, her illegitimate son, come live with her. Alfonso succeeded to the duchy at the death of his father, Ercole I. Dosso Dossi produced another large bacchanal, and he also contributed ceiling decorations and a painted frieze for the cornice, depicting scenes from the Aeneid, which gained immediacy by showing the heroes in contemporary dress. There are documents from Mario Equicola on 9 October 1511, noting plans for painting of a room in Ferrara, in which six fables (fabule) or histories (istorie) shall be placed. Tomb of Alfonso d'Este and Lucrezia Borgia, Ferrara. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. The legitimate line of the House of Este ended in 1597 with him. Alfonso I, (born July 21, 1476, Ferrara, Duchy of Ferrara—died Oct. 31, 1534, Ferrara), duke of Ferrara from 1505, a noted Renaissance prince of the House of Este, an engineer and patron of the arts. In 1306 lost Reggio Papal States. Lucrezia Borgia, whom he married in 1501, bore him seven children. Alfonso inherited from Cardinal d'Este the poet Ariosto. In 1529 Alfonso created the most magnificent gallery of his time, his studiolo or camerino d'alabastro ('small alabaster room'), now usually known as his "Camerino", in order to better display his works of art against white marble-veneered walls under a gilded ceiling. Following a pro-Este revolt in Ferrara, the sons of Aldobrandino II (Rinaldo, Niccolò, Obizzo) and Francesco I (Bertoldo and Azzo) ascended together. The line of "Marquesses of Este"("Marchesi d'Este") rises in 1039 with Albert Azzo II, Margrave of Milan. Following in the lead of his father Ercole, who had made Ferrara into one of the musical centers of Europe, Alfonso brought some of the most famous musicians of the time to his court to work as composers, instrumentalists and singers. Duke of Ferrara 1559–1597 Succeeded by The Papal States: Last edited on 26 June 2020, at 15:03. A grandson of Alfonso I and cousin of Alfonso II, Cesare d'Este had born out of wedlock. When he was old enough to come to court, he was always introduced as her brother. Musicians from northern Europe who worked at Ferrara during his reign included Antoine Brumel and Adrian Willaert, the latter of whom was to become the founder of the Venetian School, something which could not have happened without Alfonso's patronage. In 1583 he allied with Emperor Rudolf II in the war against the Turks in Hungary. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alfonso-I-duke-of-Ferrara-1505-1534, Military History Encyclopedia on the Web - Biography of Alfonso I Este. Tomb of Alfonso d'Este and Lucrezia Borgia, Ferrara. So, the Duke is both discouraging and discouraging officiousness, depending on whom it is directed. Grandson of Azzo VII, as bastard son of Azzo's son, Rinaldo. Alfonso II d'Este (24 November 1533 – 27 October 1597) was Duke of Ferrara from 1559 to 1597. Throughout the 1550s, Alfonso had an interest in Castrato singing voices. After his release, Giulio was ridiculed in the streets of Ferrara for his outdated clothes and died in 1561. Ercole I d'Este (26 October 1431 – 15 June 1505) was Duke of Ferrara from 1471 until 1505. Bryson Burroughs, "The Portrait of Alfonso d'Este by Titian", Prise de Jérusalem par Hérode le Grand.jpg, People excommunicated by the Roman Catholic Church, http://webexhibits.org/prado/camerino.html, "Reconstructing the Duke's private gallery", https://religion.wikia.org/wiki/Alfonso_I_d%27Este,_Duke_of_Ferrara?oldid=196637. His maternal grandparents were Thomas III of Saluzzo and Marguerite of Roussy.

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