By this we mean that the reactions of compounds and, to some extent, their physical properties are influenced profoundly by the nature of the functional groups present.

For more information contact us at info@libretexts.org or check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. Furthermore, any compound possessing a particular functional group may be expected to exhibit reactions characteristic of that group and, to some extent at least, of inorganic compounds with similar functional groups. In time you will become familiar with all of the types of structures in it. The most important are acid-base, substitution, addition, elimination, and rearrangement reactions. Explain.

In fact, both are weak acids because the \(OH\) group has a reactive proton that it can donate to a sufficiently strongly basic substance, written as \(:B\) here: Water and alcohols both are weak bases because the oxygens of their \(OH\) groups have unshared electron pairs to use in bonding with a proton donated by an acid, \(HA\): We can carry the analogy further to include carboxylic acids, \(RCO_2H\), which also have a hydroxyl function. 2-3A How Are Functional-Group Classifications Useful. Alcohols, \(ROH\), are structurally related to water, \(HOH\), in that both possess a hydroxyl function. Does CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 have a functional group? A good example of the use of the functional-group concept is for acid-base properties. Watch the recordings here on Youtube! The LibreTexts libraries are Powered by MindTouch® and are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. If you understand the behavior of a particular functional group, you will know a great deal about the general properties of that class of compounds. The examples chosen are representative of compounds containing carbon and hydrogen (hydrocarbons) as well as compounds containing halogens, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur.

| {{course.flashcardSetCount}} Choose an answer and hit 'next'. In fact, a traditional approach to the subject of organic chemistry involves the classification of compounds according to their functional groups. Some examples of these are given below, and you should understand that these are descriptive of the overall chemical change and nothing is implied as to how or why the reaction occurs (also see Section 1-1I). Fortunately, there are very few different types of organic reactions - at least as far as the overall result that they produce. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. Have questions or comments? F unctional g roup i dentification w orksheet 1. Examples of the structures arranged in accord with their functional groups are given in Table 2-2. In fact, a traditional approach to the subject of organic chemistry involves the classification of compounds according to their functional groups. View Available Hint (s) Reset Help |НОСН,СH, CH, CH,CH,COOН CH3CH2NH2 CH, CH,CH,CHо CHСОCH,CH,CH,CHз Carboxylic acid Alcohol Amine Ketone Aldehyde … © copyright 2003-2020 Study.com. Now we examine some of the many organic compounds that contain functional groups. Reduction of ethene to ethane is clearly addition, as is oxidation of ethene to oxacyclopropane: Reactions that lead to substantial degradation of molecules into smaller fragments are more difficult to classify. In this chapter, we make a brief yet systematic study of some of organic compound families. - Types, Groups & Examples, Vital Force Theory: Definition & Principles, Chemical Nomenclature for Organic Compounds, Chemistry of Transition & Inner-Transition Elements, Working Scholars® Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community, Molecules that differ only in the number of carbons in their structure, Molecule that has an odd number of double bonds, Classifying molecules that form a closed ring, How organic compounds can be organized and classified. Indeed, many organic reactions involve transformations of the functional group that do not affect the rest of the molecule.

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